Dr Sanjaye Ramgoolam
Reader in Theoretical Physics
School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
Queen Mary University of London
Queen Mary University of London
Research
String theory, Quantum field theory, Representation theory, Combinatorics
Interests
A primary area of focus in my research is gauge-string duality, notably the AdS/CFT correspondence, which relates 4-dimensional quantum field theory (QFT) to 10-dimensional string theory. I have developed a mathematical framework based on representation theory and combinatorics for understanding the map between states in the QFT and states of strings, branes and geometries in the 10 dimensions. The framework also has implications for simpler models of gauge-string duality such as zero-dimensional matrix models, one-dimensional quantum mechanics systems and two dimensional Yang-Mills theory. A recent discovery is the construction of general Gaussian permutation invariant matrix models for applications to real world matrix ensembles. The combinatorics of permutation invariant observables has also been applied to uncover the thermodynamics of permutation invariant matrix quantum mechanics.Publications
Publications of specific relevance to the Centre for Fundamental Physics2024
Barnes G, Ramgoolam S and Stephanou M (2024). Permutation invariant Gaussian matrix models for financial correlation matrices. Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier vol. 651 01-10-2024
Barnes G, Padellaro A and Ramgoolam S (2024). Permutation invariant tensor models and partition algebras. Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré D, EMS Press 06-08-2024
O’Connor D and Ramgoolam S (2024). Gauged permutation invariant matrix quantum mechanics: partition functions. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2024 (7) 17-07-2024
O’Connor D and Ramgoolam S (2024). Gauged permutation invariant matrix quantum mechanics: path integrals. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2024 (4) 16-04-2024
Padellaro A, Radhakrishnan R and Ramgoolam S (2024). Row–column duality and combinatorial topological strings. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing vol. 57 (6) 30-01-2024
Ramgoolam S (2024). String theory for builders: New mathematical perspectives on algorithms and complexity in quantum physics. Research Features, Research Publishing International 01-01-2024
2023
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2023). Kronecker coefficients from algebras of bi-partite ribbon graphs. The European Physical Journal Special Topics, Springer Nature vol. 232 (23-24), 3637-3643. 26-05-2023
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2023). The quantum detection of projectors in finite-dimensional algebras and holography. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2023 (5) 24-05-2023
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2023). Quantum mechanics of bipartite ribbon graphs: Integrality, Lattices and Kronecker coefficients. Algebraic Combinatorics, Cellule MathDoc/Centre Mersenne vol. 6 (2), 547-594. 03-05-2023
Ramgoolam S and Sword L (2023). Matrix and tensor witnesses of hidden symmetry algebras. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer vol. 2023 (3) 09-03-2023
de Mello Koch R and Ramgoolam S (2023). N = 4 SYM, (super)-polynomial rings and emergent quantum mechanical symmetries. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2023 (2) 17-02-2023
2022
Barnes G, Padellaro A and Ramgoolam S (2022). Permutation symmetry in large-N matrix quantum mechanics and partition algebras. Physical Review D, American Physical Society (APS) vol. 106 (10) 15-11-2022
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2022). All-orders asymptotics of tensor model observables from symmetries of restricted partitions. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing vol. 55 (43) 28-10-2022
Ramgoolam S and Sharpe E (2022). Combinatoric topological string theories and group theory algorithms. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2022 (10) 20-10-2022
Barnes G, Padellaro A and Ramgoolam S (2022). Hidden symmetries and large N factorisation for permutation invariant matrix observables. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2022 (8) 05-08-2022
Ramgoolam S, Sadrzadeh M and Sword L (2022). Gaussianity and typicality in matrix distributional semantics. Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré D Combinatorics Physics and their Interactions, European Mathematical Society - EMS - Publishing House vol. 9 (1), 1-45. 11-04-2022
Barnes G, Padellaro A and Ramgoolam S (2022). Permutation invariant Gaussian two-matrix models. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing vol. 55 (14) 16-03-2022
de Mello Koch R, He Y-H, Kemp G and Ramgoolam S (2022). Integrality, duality and finiteness in combinatoric topological strings. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2022 (1) 01-01-2022
de Mello Koch R and Ramgoolam S (2022). Higher Dimensional CFTs as 2D Conformally-Equivariant Topological Field Theories. Lie Theory and Its Applications in Physics 151-170. 01-01-2022
2021
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2021). All-orders asymptotics of tensor model observables from symmetries of restricted partitions. 02-06-2021
Lewis-Brown C and Ramgoolam S (2021). Quarter-BPS states, multi-symmetric functions and set partitions. The Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Verlag (Germany) vol. 2021 (3), 153-153. 16-03-2021
2020
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2020). Quantum mechanics of bipartite ribbon graphs: Integrality, Lattices and Kronecker coefficients. 08-10-2020
de Mello Koch R and Ramgoolam S (2020). Perturbative 4D conformal field theories and representation theory of diagram algebras. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2020 (5) 01-05-2020
Ramgoolam S, Wilson MC and Zahabi A (2020). Quiver asymptotics: N=1 free chiral ring. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing vol. 53 (10) 20-02-2020
Kemp G and Ramgoolam S (2020). BPS states, conserved charges and centres of symmetric group algebras. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Nature vol. 2020 (1) 01-01-2020
2019
Ramgoolam S, Sadrzadeh M and Sword L (2019). Gaussianity and typicality in matrix distributional semantics. 19-12-2019
Ramgoolam S (2019). Permutation invariant Gaussian matrix models., Editors: Saleur H. NUCLEAR PHYSICS B, Elsevier vol. 945 27-06-2019
Kartsaklis D, Ramgoolam S and Sadrzadeh M (2019). Linguistic matrix theory. Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré D Combinatorics Physics and their Interactions, European Mathematical Society - EMS - Publishing House vol. 6 (3), 385-426. 07-05-2019
Ramgoolam S and Sedlak M (2019). Quantum information processing and composite quantum fields. JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, Springer Berlin Heidelberg (170), 1-17. 22-01-2019
2018
Lewis-Brown C and Ramgoolam S (2018). BPS operators in N=4 SO(N) super Yang-Mills theory: plethysms, dominoes and words. JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (11) 07-11-2018
Koch RDM and Ramgoolam S (2018). Free field primaries in general dimensions: counting and construction with rings and modules. JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (8) 16-08-2018
2017
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2017). Tensor Models, Kronecker coefficients and Permutation Centralizer
Algebras. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Verlag (Germany) 15-11-2017
Koch RDM, Rabambi P, Rabe R and Ramgoolam S (2017). Free quantum fields in 4D and Calabi-Yau spaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 16-10-2017
Koch RDM, Rabambi P, Rabe R and Ramgoolam S (2017). Counting and construction of holomorphic primary fields in free CFT4 from rings of functions on Calabi-Yau orbifolds. Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). 18-08-2017
2016
Kimura Y, Ramgoolam S and Suzuki R (2016). Flavour singlets in gauge theory as permutations. Journal of High Energy Physics vol. 2016 (12) 28-12-2016
Ramgoolam S (2016). Permutations and the combinatorics of gauge invariants for general $N$. 11-11-2016
Hanany A, Ramgoolam S and Rodriguez-Gomez D (2016). Highest Weight Generating functions for hyperKahler T*(G/H) spaces. Journal of High Energy Physics 05-10-2016
Mattioli P and Ramgoolam S (2016). Gauge invariants and correlators in flavoured quiver gauge theories. Nuclear Physics B vol. 911, 638-711. 01-10-2016
Hanany A, Jejjala V, Ramgoolam S and Seong R-K (2016). Consistency and derangements in brane tilings. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical vol. 49 (35), 355401-355401. 29-07-2016
de Mello Koch R and Ramgoolam S (2016). Interactions as intertwiners in 4D QFT. Journal of High Energy Physics vol. 2016 (3) 23-03-2016
Mattioli P and Ramgoolam S (2016). Permutation Centralizer Algebras and Multi-Matrix Invariants. Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation, and Cosmology, American Physical Society 21-03-2016
2015
Garner D and Ramgoolam S (2015). The geometry of the light-cone cell decomposition of moduli space. JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS vol. 56 (11) 01-11-2015
McGrane J, Ramgoolam S and Wecht B (2015). Chiral Ring Generating Functions & Branches of Moduli Space. 30-07-2015
Freidel L, Garner D and Ramgoolam S (2015). Permutation combinatorics of worldsheet moduli space. Physical Review D, American Physical Society (APS) vol. 91 (12) 09-06-2015
Mattioli P and Ramgoolam S (2015). Quivers, words and fundamentals. Journal of High Energy Physics vol. 2015 (3) 21-02-2015
2014
Koch RDM and Ramgoolam S (2014). CFT4 as SO(4,2)-invariant TFT2. Nuclear Physics, Section B 20-11-2014
Garner D, Ramgoolam S and Wen C (2014). Thresholds of Large N Factorization in CFT4 : Exploring bulk spacetime
in AdS5. Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer 17-11-2014
2013
Geloun JB and Ramgoolam S (2013). Counting Tensor Model Observables and Branched Covers of the 2-Sphere. Ann.Inst.H.Poincare Comb.Phys.Interact. vol. 1 24-07-2013
de Mello Koch R, Ramgoolam S and Wen C (2013). On the refined counting of graphs on surfaces. Nuclear Physics B, Elsevier vol. 870 (3), 530-581. 01-05-2013
Garner D and Ramgoolam S (2013). Holographic Hierarchy in the Gaussian Matrix Model via the Fuzzy Sphere. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 875, 244-313. 13-03-2013
Pasukonis J and Ramgoolam S (2013). Quivers as Calculators: Counting, Correlators and Riemann Surfaces. The Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Berlin Heidelberg vol. 94 (04) 09-01-2013
2012
Pasukonis J and Ramgoolam S (2012). Quantum states to brane geometries via fuzzy moduli spaces of giant
gravitons. 26-01-2012
Hanany A, He Y-H, Jejjala V, Pasukonis J, Ramgoolam S and Rodriguez-Gomez D (2012). INVARIANTS OF TORIC SEIBERG DUALITY. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A vol. 27 (1) 01-01-2012
2011
Hanany A, He Y-H, Jejjala V, Pasukonis J, Ramgoolam S and Rodriguez-Gomez D (2011). Invariants of Toric Seiberg Duality. 20-07-2011
Hanany A, Jejjala V, Ramgoolam S and Seong R-K (2011). Calabi-Yau Orbifolds and Torus Coverings. JHEP vol. 1109 17-05-2011
Hanany A, He Y-H, Jejjala V, Pasukonis J, Ramgoolam S and Rodriguez-Gomez D (2011). The Beta Ansatz: A Tale of Two Complex Structures. JHEP vol. 1106 28-04-2011
Hanany A, Jejjala V, Ramgoolam S and Seong R-K (2011). Calabi-Yau orbifolds and torus coverings. JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (9) 01-01-2011
2010
Jejjala V, Ramgoolam S and Rodriguez-Gomez D (2010). Toric CFTs, Permutation Triples, and Belyi Pairs. JHEP vol. 1103 10-12-2010
Pasukonis J and Ramgoolam S (2010). From counting to construction of BPS states in N=4 SYM. JHEP vol. 1102 08-10-2010
Koch RDM and Ramgoolam S (2010). From Matrix Models and quantum fields to Hurwitz space and the absolute
Galois group. 08-02-2010
2009
Kimura Y, Ramgoolam S and Turton D (2009). Free particles from Brauer algebras in complex matrix models. JHEP vol. 1005 23-11-2009
Nastase H, Papageorgakis C and Ramgoolam S (2009). The fuzzy S-2 structure of M2-M5 systems in ABJM membrane theories. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2009 (5) 01-05-2009
Brown TW, Heslop PJ and Ramgoolam S (2009). Diagonal free field matrix correlators, global symmetries and giant gravitons. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2009 (4) 01-04-2009
2008
Kimura Y and Ramgoolam S (2008). Enhanced symmetries of gauge theory and resolving the spectrum of local operators. PHYS REV D vol. 78 (12) 01-12-2008
Kimura Y and Ramgoolam S (2008). Holomorphic maps and the complete 1/N expansion of 2D SU(N) Yang-Mills. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (6) 01-06-2008
Brown TW, Heslop PJ and Ramgoolam S (2008). Diagonal multi-matrix correlators and BPS operators in N=4 SYM. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2008 (2) 01-02-2008
Ramgoolam S (2008). Schur-Weyl duality as an instrument of gauge-string duality., Editors: Edelstein JD, Grandi N, Nunez C and Schveillinger M. 01-01-2008
2007
Kimura Y and Ramgoolam S (2007). Branes, Anti-Branes and Brauer Algebras in Gauge-Gravity duality. JHEP vol. 0711 13-09-2007
de Haro S, Ramgoolam S and Torrielli A (2007). Large N expansion of q-deformed two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory and Hecke algebras. COMMUN MATH PHYS vol. 273 (2), 317-355. 01-07-2007
Brown T, Ramgoolam S, Koch RD and Toumbas N (2007). Correlators, probabilities and topologies in N=4 SYM. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (3) 01-03-2007
2006
Papageorgakis C and Ramgoolam S (2006). On time-dependent collapsing branes and fuzzy odd-dimensional spheres. INT J MOD PHYS A vol. 21 (30), 6055-6086. 10-12-2006
McNamara S, Papageorgakis C, Ramgoolam S and Spence WJ (2006). Finite N effects on the collapse of fuzzy spheres. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (5) 01-05-2006
Papageorgakis C, Ramgoolam S and Toumbas N (2006). Noncommutative geometry, quantum effects and DBI-scaling in the collapse of D0-D2 bound states. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (1) 01-01-2006
2005
Koch RD, Jevicki A and Ramgoolam S (2005). On exponential corrections to the 1/N expansion in two-dimensional Yang Mills. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (8) 01-08-2005
de Medeiros P and Ramgoolam S (2005). Non-associative gauge theory and higher spin interactions. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (3) 01-03-2005
RAMGOOLAM SK and Papageorgakis C (2005). Large-small dualities between periodic collapsing/expanding branes and brane funnels. JHEP 01-01-2005
2004
Ramgoolam S, Spence B and Thomas S (2004). Resolving brane collapse with 1/N corrections in non-Abelian DBI. NUCL PHYS B vol. 703 (1-2), 236-276. 20-12-2004
Ramgoolam S (2004). Towards gauge theory for a class of commutative and non-associative fuzzy spaces. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (3) 01-03-2004
Corley S and Ramgoolam S (2004). Strings on plane waves, super-Yang-Mills in four dimensions, quantum groups at roots of one. NUCL PHYS B vol. 676 (1-2), 99-128. 05-01-2004
THOMAS S, Ramgoolam S and Spence B (2004). Resolving brane collapse with 1/N corrections in non-Abelian DBI. NPB 01-01-2004
2003
Lowe DA, Nastase H and Ramgoolam S (2003). Massive IIA string theory and Matrix theory compactification. NUCL PHYS B vol. 667 (1-2), 55-89. 08-09-2003
2002
Corley S and Ramgoolam S (2002). Finite factorization equations and sum rules for BPS correlators in N=4 SYM theory. NUCL PHYS B vol. 641 (1-2), 131-187. 07-10-2002
Ramgoolam S (2002). Higher dimensional geometries related to fuzzy odd-dimensional spheres. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS (10) 01-10-2002
Ho PM and Ramgoolam S (2002). Higher-dimensional geometries from matrix brane constructions. NUCL PHYS B vol. 627 (1-2), 266-288. 15-04-2002
2001
Ramgoolam S (2001). On spherical harmonics for fuzzy spheres in diverse dimensions. NUCL PHYS B vol. 610 (3), 461-488. 10-09-2001
RAMGOOLAM SK, Jevicki A and Corley S (2001). Exact correlators of giant gravitons from dual N=4 SYM theory. ADVANCES IN THEORETICAL AND MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS vol. 5 (4), 809-839. 01-07-2001
Corley S, Lowe DA and Ramgoolam S (2001). Einstein-Hilbert action on the brane for the bulk graviton. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2001 (7) 01-07-2001
Corley S and Ramgoolam S (2001). Projector equivalences in K theory and families of non-commutative solitons. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2001 (3) 01-03-2001
Guralnik Z and Ramgoolam S (2001). On the polarization of unstable D0-branes into non-commutative odd spheres. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2001 (2) 01-02-2001
2000
Jevicki A, Mihailescu M and Ramgoolam S (2000). Non-commutative spheres and the AdS/CFT correspondence. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2000 (10) 01-10-2000
Ramgoolam S (2000). A remark on T-duality and quantum volumes of zero-brane moduli spaces. J HIGH ENERGY PHYS vol. 2000 (9) 01-09-2000
Mihailescu M and Ramgoolam S (2000). Duality and Combinatorics of Long Strings in ADS3. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 587, 179-194. 01-02-2000
1999
Jevicki A, Mihailescu M and Ramgoolam S (1999). Gravity from CFT on $S^N(X)$ CFT: Symmetries and Interactions. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 577, 47-72. 17-07-1999
Ho P-M, Ramgoolam S and Tatar R (1999). Quantum Spacetimes and Finite N Effects in 4D Super Yang-Mills Theories. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 573, 364-376. 17-07-1999
Jevicki A and Ramgoolam S (1999). Non commutative gravity from the ADS/CFT correspondence. JHEP vol. 9904 08-02-1999
1998
1997
Brodie J and Ramgoolam S (1997). On Matrix Models of M5-branes. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 521, 139-160. 04-11-1997
Guralnik Z and Ramgoolam S (1997). From 0-Branes to Torons. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 521, 129-138. 16-08-1997
Gopakumar R and Ramgoolam S (1997). Scattering of zero branes off elementary strings in Matrix Theory. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 514, 177-190. 05-08-1997
Ganor OJ, Gopakumar R and Ramgoolam S (1997). Higher Loop Effects in M(atrix) Orbifolds. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 511, 243-263. 24-05-1997
Guralnik Z and Ramgoolam S (1997). Torons and D-Brane Bound States. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 499, 241-252. 12-02-1997
1996
Ganor OJ, Ramgoolam S and IV WT (1996). Branes, Fluxes and Duality in M(atrix)-Theory. Nucl.Phys.B vol. 492, 191-204. 24-11-1996
Ramgoolam S and Thorlacius L (1996). D-Branes and Physical States. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 483, 248-266. 15-07-1996
1995
Barbon JLF and Ramgoolam S (1995). Some properties of unstable monopoles in Super-QCD. Phys.Rev. D vol. 55, 1013-1020. 11-12-1995
1994
Ramgoolam S (1994). Wilson Loops in 2D Yang Mills: Euler characters and Loop equations. Int.J.Mod.Phys. A vol. 11, 3885-3933. 13-12-1994
Cordes S, Moore G and Ramgoolam S (1994). Lectures on 2D Yang-Mills Theory, Equivariant Cohomology and Topological
Field Theories. Nucl.Phys.Proc.Suppl. vol. 41, 184-244. 21-11-1994
Cordes S, Moore G and Ramgoolam S (1994). Large N 2D Yang-Mills Theory and Topological String Theory. Commun.Math.Phys. vol. 185, 543-619. 18-02-1994
1993
Ramgoolam S (1993). Comment on Two Dimensional O(N) and Sp(N) Yang Mills Theories as String
Theories. Nucl.Phys. B vol. 418, 30-44. 14-07-1993
1991
Moore G, Plesser MR and Ramgoolam S (1991). Exact S-Matrix for 2D String Theory. Nucl.Phys.B vol. 377, 143-190. 20-11-1991
Grants
Grants of specific relevance to the Centre for Fundamental PhysicsCombinatorics and algorithms for quantum states in holographySanjaye Ramgoolam
£12,000 Royal Society (01-01-2025 - 31-12-2026)
Amplitudes, Strings and Duality (CG 2022)Andreas Brandhuber, David Berman, Matthew Buican, Rodolfo Russo, David Vegh, Sanjaye Ramgoolam, Gabriele Travaglini, Christopher White, Bill Spence, Congkao Wen, Constantinos Papageorgakis, Ricardo Monteiro and Malcolm Perry
£1,477,966 Science & Technology Research Council (STFC) (01-10-2023 - 30-09-2026)
International Exchanges 2022: String theory and computational algorithmsSanjaye Ramgoolam
£12,000 Royal Society (17-02-2023 - 16-02-2025)
Amplitudes, Strings and DualityAndreas Brandhuber, Bill Spence, Rodolfo Russo, Sanjaye Ramgoolam, Matthew Buican, Michael Green, Steven Thomas, Steven Thomas, Gabriele Travaglini, Congkao Wen, Constantinos Papageorgakis, David Berman, Christopher White, David Vegh, Ricardo Monteiro and Malcolm Perry
£890,210 Science & Technology Research Council (STFC) (01-10-2020 - 31-03-2024)